Trichomonas | Parasitology

 

The genus trichomonas contains three species that can infect humans

1. tenax
2. hominis
3. Vaginalis

These flagellates exist only in trophozoites Stages. Cystic Stage is absent.

 

Feature of the trichomonas 

Each an n Exostyle which runs the length of the and appears to protrude from length of the posterior end.

 

Trichomonas Tenox

• It measures wide. 5-12 μm long and
•  It bears 4 anteriorly directed flagella and a fifth associated with an undulating membrane.
• Also called Trichomonas buccalis
• It is a harmless Commensal of the human mouth, but its presence is usually indicative of poor oral hygiene...
• It is found around the gume in the farter, in the cavities... of teeth.
• It is transmitted by kissing Salivary droplets and fomites...
• Diagnoses can be made by a buccal swab and demonstration of trichomonas Lenox in the tartar by 

Trichomonas hominu

• it is a highly motile and flexible species that measures 5-20 Nm long and 7-14 nm in width
• with a cystome near the anterior end.
• It has 5 anteriorly projecting flagella and one membrane which extends the entire length of the body.
• It inhibits the Cecum of man and other primate species and feeds on enteric bacteria.
• It does not invade the intestinal mucosa
• Though it has occasionally been found in the diarrheic Stool.
• The transmission is through the fecal-oral route.

 

Trichomonas vaginalis

Habitat

• The T. vaginalis despite its name infects both men and women.
• In females- the organism inhabits. the vagina primarily
• But also invades scenes glands in the urethra and is occasionally found in other parts of the female urine genital system.
• In males, it is usually found in the urethra prostate or epididymis.

 

Morphology 

• This is the largest of the trichomonas found in men with -7-23 /'m in length and 5-12 μm width
• There are 4anteriar anterior flagella and a Short undulating membrane, which reaches up to the middle of the body.
• This gives characteristics jerky motility to the parasite.

 

 

Life cycle

The life cycle consists only of a trophozoites stage which is transmitted by direct contact during sexual intercourse

life cycle of trichomonas vaginalis

 

Pathogenicity

• Trichomonas. disease. a Common Sexually transmitted
• Trichomonas vaginalis is an obligate parasite.
• It Cannot live without Close association with the Vaginal Sirethrai or prostatic tissues.
• T . vaginalis infections are associated with lowered acidity of the vagina, along with thinner epithelium and less glycogen in the cell.
• The incubation period is 4-28 days.
• The onset of symptoms such as vaginal ar vulval pruritus and discharge is often sudden and occurs during or after menstruation as a result of the increase. vaginal acidity,

 

Clinical Laboratory diagnoses.

Diagnosis is Confirmed by the demonstration of trophozoites in the vaginal urethral. prostatic Secretions or urine Sediments